Information theory takes advantage of this fact by concluding that more uncertain events require more information to resolve their uncertainty. Uncertainty is inversely proportional to the probability of occurrence. The uncertainty of an event is measured by its probability of occurrence. It can also be encrypted for safe storage and communication. Information can be encoded into various forms for transmission and interpretation (for example, information may be encoded into a sequence of signs, or transmitted via a signal). That which is perceived can be construed as a message in its own right, and in that sense, information is always conveyed as the content of a message. Information is expressed either as the content of a message or through direct or indirect observation. Information can be transmitted in time, via data storage, and space, via communication and telecommunication. Data can represent redundant symbols, but approaches information through optimal data compression. The difference is that information resolves uncertainty.
Thus the concept becomes synonymous to notions of constraint, communication, control, data, form, education, knowledge, meaning, understanding, mental stimuli, pattern, perception, proposition, representation, and entropy. The concept of information has different meanings in different contexts. More technically, information can be thought of as the resolution of uncertainty that manifests itself as patterns it answers the question of "What an entity is" and thus defines both its essence and the nature of its characteristics. It provides context for data and enables decision making processes.įor example, a single customer’s sale at a restaurant is data – this becomes information when the business is able to identify the most popular or least popular dish. Information is processed, organized and structured data.
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